你知道水平防渗三种常见的防渗方案吗?

对于已建水库的渗漏处(chu)理(li)，根据(ju)实际地形、地质条件(jian)， 通(tong)常采用水平防渗或(huo)垂直防渗两(liang)种处(chu)理(li)措施(shi)。 

水(shui)(shui)(shui)平防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)渗(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)包括粘土(tu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)渗(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)、混凝土(tu)面板(ban)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)渗(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)、土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)膜水(shui)(shui)(shui)平防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)渗(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)三种防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)渗(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)方案(an)。 其中，粘土(tu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)渗(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)相对(dui)简单，可以(yi)就地取材，造(zao)价低(di)，但其防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)渗(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)效(xiao)果和长期渗(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透稳(wen)定性(xing)较(jiao)(jiao)差(cha)， 需要大(da)量(liang)的(de)粘土(tu)作(zuo)为(wei)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)渗(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)层，应用(yong)(yong)范围(wei)受限，工(gong)(gong)(gong)程适(shi)用(yong)(yong)性(xing)较(jiao)(jiao)差(cha)，会造(zao)成库容一定程度(du)的(de)减(jian)少(shao)；混凝土(tu) 面 板(ban) 防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)渗(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)对(dui)基(ji)础要求(qiu)较(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)，混凝土(tu)面板(ban)刚性(xing)较(jiao)(jiao)大(da)，对(dui)基(ji)础变形适(shi)应能(neng)力较(jiao)(jiao)差(cha)，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)难度(du)大(da)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)程费(fei)用(yong)(yong)较(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)，后期面板(ban)产生(sheng)裂缝(feng)(feng)后修复也较(jiao)(jiao)为(wei)困难， 只适(shi)用(yong)(yong)于相对(dui)陡峭的(de)岩质边坡防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)渗(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)处理(li)；土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)膜具(ju)有(you)良好(hao)的(de)隔(ge)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、粘接和适(shi)应变形的(de)性(xing)能(neng)，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)简单，但对(dui)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)过程质量(liang)控制较(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)， 在施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)过程易(yi)受人(ren)为(wei)因素(su)、机械(xie)碾压(ya)、硬物刺穿、焊缝(feng)(feng)缺陷(xian)等影响(xiang)，达不到预(yu)期防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)渗(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)效(xiao)果。