如何根据防渗渠道的自然环境条件选择防渗土工
土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)膜(mo)客户咨询一些(xie)防渗(shen)(shen)膜(mo)的问题(ti)，某工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程就根据(ju)该(gai)地的自然条件，分别(bie)对塑料薄(bo)膜(mo)、沥青玻(bo)璃(li)纤(xian)维(wei)(wei)布、复(fu)合(he)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)膜(mo)三种材料比选确(que)定(ding)认为：①塑料薄(bo)膜(mo)适应变形能力强，具(ju)(ju)有好(hao)的柔性、韧(ren)性和(he)抗拉性，耐腐蚀性强，具(ju)(ju)有完全不透水性，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方便，造(zao)价低(di)。但(dan)在施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中易(yi)受到外力破(po)坏，且薄(bo)膜(mo)表面光滑过渡垫层(ceng)不易(yi)固(gu)定(ding)，外露容易(yi)老化；②沥青玻(bo)璃(li)纤(xian)维(wei)(wei)布，具(ju)(ju)有塑料薄(bo)膜(mo)的优点，并且抗拉强度较(jiao)大(da)，但(dan)其(qi)沥青材质遇水后发生溶(rong)解(jie)，并且表面较(jiao)光滑，过渡垫层(ceng)也不易(yi)固(gu)定(ding)，同(tong)等气温下施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)比其(qi)它膜(mo)料易(yi)折裂，会使强度和(he)耐久性降低(di)；③复(fu)合(he)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)膜(mo)以聚氯(lv)乙烯或聚乙烯塑料薄(bo)膜(mo)作为防渗(shen)(shen)基(ji)材，与(yu)无纺布复(fu)合(he)而(er)成土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)防渗(shen)(shen)材料。
复合土工(gong)膜(mo)是利(li)用塑(su)料薄膜(mo)的完全不透水(shui)性(xing)阻断渗水(shui)途径，并让表面粗糙的无纺布与塑(su)料薄膜(mo)热压结合后(hou)，增大(da)接触(chu)面的摩擦系数。 铺设时(shi)有(you)利(li)于复合土工(gong)膜(mo)和过渡垫层的稳(wen)定。 同时(shi)复合土工(gong)膜(mo)具有(you)抗(kang)(kang)拉、抗(kang)(kang)撕、抗(kang)(kang)顶破强(qiang)度(du)高，延伸(shen)性(xing)较(jiao)强(qiang)，适(shi)应变(bian)形能力(li)高，抗(kang)(kang)冻性(xing)能好的特点(dian)。在防渗工(gong)程(cheng)中以其较(jiao)大(da)的抗(kang)(kang)拉强(qiang)度(du)和延伸(shen)率(lv)承(cheng)受水(shui)压和适(shi)应基础变(bian)形。 并且施(shi)工(gong)方便，材(cai)料价格较(jiao)低。
通(tong)过对(dui)塑料薄膜(mo)(mo)、沥青玻璃纤维(wei)布、复合土工膜(mo)(mo)三种材料比选，根据(ju)其(qi)优缺(que)点进行(xing)长远(yuan)利益分析(xi)后(hou)认(ren)为，选用复合土工膜(mo)(mo)适用于灌区内渠道基础土层湿陷(xian)性强、冬春消融(rong)冻胀性大，渠道毁损(sun)严重及地(di)质条件差(cha)的渠道防渗。
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