现代市政道路土工布与加筋施工基底处理

在现代市政(zheng)道(dao)路施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中，基(ji)底(di)(di)处(chu)(chu)理是(shi)(shi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)布与加筋技术应(ying)用(yong)的首(shou)要(yao)环(huan)节，其施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)质(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)直接影响后(hou)续工(gong)(gong)(gong)序的进(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)和整体工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的性能。基(ji)底(di)(di)处(chu)(chu)理的主要(yao)目的是(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上层(ceng)结构(gou)提(ti)供一个稳定(ding)、坚实的支撑面，同时(shi)起到隔离、排水等作用(yong)。具(ju)体施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)流(liu)程如下：首(shou)先，对(dui)基(ji)底(di)(di)进(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)清理，去(qu)除杂草、树根等有机(ji)质(zhi)(zhi)，清除尖锐石块等异物，平整压实。对(dui)于软(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)基(ji)，进(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)换(huan)填(tian)处(chu)(chu)理，一般(ban)采(cai)用(yong)砂石或级配碎石等材(cai)料，分层(ceng)填(tian)筑，压实度(du)(du)(du)应(ying)达到90%以(yi)上。当软(ruan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)层(ceng)厚(hou)度(du)(du)(du)较(jiao)大时(shi)，采(cai)用(yong)水泥粉煤灰碎石桩(zhuang)(zhuang)进(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)加固处(chu)(chu)理，桩(zhuang)(zhuang)径500~1000mm，桩(zhuang)(zhuang)长一般(ban)不(bu)超过(guo)10m，桩(zhuang)(zhuang)间(jian)距1.5~2.5m。对(dui)于膨胀(zhang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)、湿陷(xian)性黄土(tu)(tu)(tu)等特(te)殊土(tu)(tu)(tu)质(zhi)(zhi)，采(cai)用(yong)石灰、水泥等材(cai)料进(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)化(hua)学改良，改良深度(du)(du)(du)一般(ban)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)0.8~1.5m。在排水不(bu)良的地(di)段(duan)，设置(zhi)排水层(ceng)，铺设一层(ceng)厚(hou)度(du)(du)(du)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)15~20cm的砂垫层(ceng)，再铺设一层(ceng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)布作为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)过(guo)滤(lv)层(ceng)，有效阻止(zhi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)布堵塞。经(jing)上述处(chu)(chu)理后(hou)，基(ji)底(di)(di)强(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)、刚度(du)(du)(du)和整体稳定(ding)性得到明(ming)显提(ti)高，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)后(hou)续施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)创(chuang)造了有利条件。需要(yao)注意的是(shi)(shi)，基(ji)底(di)(di)处(chu)(chu)理过(guo)程中，应(ying)严格控制(zhi)各项材(cai)料的质(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)和用(yong)量(liang)，确保(bao)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)艺符合设计要(yao)求，每(mei)道(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序完成(cheng)后(hou)都应(ying)进(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)验收，以(yi)保(bao)证基(ji)底(di)(di)处(chu)(chu)理的施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)质(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)。